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Investigating Writing Sub-skills in Testing English as a Foreign Language: A Structural Equation Modeling Study
This is not to say that this is not a linguistics text. It is, and linguistics permeates every single page. But the difference is that it is not trying to tell you how to become a linguist – and what things to get excited about – but what linguistic theory has to offer for the understanding of the English language. Many introductory text books in syntax use language data as a way of justifying the theory, so what they are...
8/30/2018 3:28:28 AM +00:00
Saudi College Students' Perception of Their Errors in Written English
The target audience for the book is BA students, covering the introductory syntax level and going through to more advanced BA level material. For this reason, the book starts from the beginning and tries to make as few assumptions as possible about linguistic notions. The first two chapters are a fairly substantial introduction to grammatical concepts both from a descriptive and a theoretical...
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Sách Academic Writing in English
Obviously, another feature that we hope is more student-friendly is the exercises, of which we have a substantial amount. These range in type and level, from those which you can use to check your understanding of the text, to those which get you to think about things which follow from the text, but which are not necessarily discussed there. Some are easy and some will make you think. A fairly unique aspect of the book is that it also ...
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SCAFFOLDING AN EFL (ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE) 'EFFECTIVE WRITING' CLASS IN A HYBRID LEARNING COMMUNITY
Finally, a brief word about the team of writers is in order. Although we very much opted for a division of labour approach to the writing of this book, it has been no less of a team effort. The text was written by Mark Newson and the exercises prepared by Hordós Marianna, Szécsényi Krisztina, Pap Dániel, Tóth Gabriella and Vincze Veronika. Szécsényi Krisztina prepared the glossary. Most of the editing was carried out by Hordós Marianna, Nádasdi Péter, Szécsényi Krisztina and ...
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Common core state stanDarDs For english Language arts & Literacy in History/social studies, science, and technical subjects
This book attempts to describe some of the basic grammatical characteristics of the English language in a way accessible to most students of English. For this reason we start at the beginning and take as little as possible for granted. Definitions are given for grammatical concepts when they are first used and there is a glossary at the back of the book to remind the reader of these as he or she works through it. At ...
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Approaches to Writing Instruction for Adolescent English Language Learners
Whatever else language might be (e.g. a method of communicating, something to aid thought, a form of entertainment or of aesthetic appreciation) it is first and foremost a system that enables people who speak it to produce and understand linguistic expressions. The nature of this system is what linguistics aims to discover. But where do we look for this system? ...
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GCE AS and A Level Specification English Literature B
It is the way of the universe that no truths are given before we start our investigations of it. But until we have some way of separating what is relevant to our investigations from what is irrelevant there is no way to proceed: do we need to test the acidity of soil before investigating language? It seems highly unlikely that we should, but if...
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Guide to assignment writing and referencing (4th edition)
Fortunately, there are other ways of determining the category of words, which we will turn to below. But it is important to note that there are two independent issues here. On the one hand is the issue of how the notion of word category is instantiated in the linguistic system and on the other hand is the issue of how we, as linguists, tell the category of any particular word. As to the first issue, word...
8/30/2018 3:28:28 AM +00:00
Error Analysis of the Written English Essays of Pakistani Undergraduate Students: A Case Study
Tham khảo sách 'error analysis of the written english essays of pakistani undergraduate students: a case study', ngoại ngữ, kỹ năng viết tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả
8/30/2018 3:28:28 AM +00:00
ACADEMIC WRITING A HANDBOOK FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS
The third edition of this popular course builds on the success of the earlier editions and responds to suggestions from both students and teachers. Plagiarism has become a major concern in higher education, and a special feature of Academic Writing is a section on avoiding plagiarism. There are also units on the key skills of paraphrasing, summarising and referencing. The book includes sections on crucial areas such as argument, cause and effect, comparison, definitions and academic style. Working in groups, dealing with graphs, charts and numbers and giving examples are explained in detail. Another part deals with accuracy in writing, providing practice with topics such as vocabulary, conjunctions and...
8/30/2018 3:28:28 AM +00:00
Basic English Syntax with Exercises
Stephen Bailey has produced an excellent new edition of his popular book Academic Writing. This book presents a great blend of advice and practice. The advice focuses on what is required in terms of academic writing at university. He addresses different types of academic writing and even includes sample writing texts. The practice breaks down academic writing by focussing on the language typically required in academic settings with lots of student exercises. His book takes the international student writer through the process of academic writing, moving from understanding academic writing tasks to using reading sources through to revising and drafting the final text....
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BUSINESS ENGLISH & LETTER WRITING STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE ONE
The third edition of Academic Writing: A Handbook for International Students will be welcome by all students new to academic writing in English-medium colleges and universities. The book is carefully set out to guide students step by step through the maze of assignment types, writing conventions and mysterious vocabulary they will find when entering higher education. Moving from the writing process through common patterns of grammar and argument to models of literature reviews, essays and reports, the handbook offers a clear, practical and accessible introduction to the skills students will need to write effectively at university....
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Teaching Materials from the Literature Department of the British Council
Following are writing samples that have been annotated to illustrate the criteria required to meet the Common Core State Standards for particular types of writing—argument, informative/explanatory text, and narrative—in a given grade. Each of the samples exhibits at least the level of quality required to meet the Writing standards for that grade. The range of accomplishment within each grade reflects differences in individual development as well as in the conditions under which the student writers were expected to work. Some of the samples were written in class or as homework; others were written for on-demand assessments; still others were the result of...
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A Cognitive Strategies Approach to Reading and Writing Instruction for English Language Learners in Secondary School
First errors of learning are usually gigantic. Then, and gradually, they diminish as one benefits of his/her errors. In a later stage of learning foreign or second language, learners are expected to reach a native speaker’s competence or, at least, near that competence where errors are either eliminated or minimized to the extent that their impact on the learners' communication disappears, or they go unnoticed. But, unfortunately, the case with most of second language learners’ errors is not so. Errors, mistakes, slips and attempts, as Edge (1989) has classified and termed them, insist on staining foreign...
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RESEARCH IN WRITTEN COMPOSITION
Error analysis was first introduced by Fries (1945) and Lado (1957) who have calimed that foreign or second language learners’ errors could be predicted on the basis of the differences between the learners native and second languages. They have also suggested that where the aspects of the target language are similar to those of the learners’ native language, learning will be easy; otherwise, it will be difficult and second language learners are expected to make errors. Since then linguists compared and contrasted languages in an attempt to figure out the differences or similarities that might exist between them and...
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BUILDING YOUR CHILD’S LISTENING, TALKING, READING AND WRITING SKILLS
A close look at the different studies which deal with errors, the critics of error analysis have suggested, will clarify the discrepancy that exists among the findings reached by different researchers. What might be an interference error in one study is a developmental one in another. The conclusion that might be reached is that error analysis, to some extent, is impressionistic, and that is really a serious problem error analysis suffers from. Regardless of these problems, error analysis helps SLA researchers learn more about the psycholinguistic processes involved in learning a second or foreign language. These processes, it is...
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Business and Report Writing Skills Version 1.0 2008
This paper tackles the question of errors from the students’ point of view. The students' errors in written English were collected, corrected and presented to the students to comment on them indicating the causes that led them to make such errors. It was hoped that the sudents’ perception of their errors will shed light on the learning strategies students employ to learn the second language. It is also hoped that on the basis of the students' perception of their errors, some important implications will be inferred which may help EFL teachers improve their teaching methods, and in turn, reduce...
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Module: English and Communication: Writing Skills for Social Work
Thirty two fourth level students in the Department of Foreign Languages at King Faisal University have participated in the study. They are 22-24 years old. All the subjects of the study were Saudi female college students enrolled in an advanced course, Language Testing, and most of them have successfully passed all the courses of the English program and are left with only one course, Teaching Practice. It is important to mention here that the students have attended an Error Analysis course where they were taught how to identify, classify and describe written and verbal errors in English made by second...
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Sách English Language arts & Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and technical Subjects
The parallelism between the Arabic and English sentences is quite clear in the learners' errors. The two examples above demonstrate that in the first sentence the students dropped verb to be, while in the second one, they used verb to be but deleted the indefinite article. This fact supports the students’ comments that they know the grammatical rules that underlie the deviant sentences they have produced, but because of their reliance on their native language, they have produced these errors. ...
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Teaching Reading and Writing in Spanish and English in Bilingual and Dual Language Classrooms
Writing has always been and will continue to be one of the essential skills for college readiness and success. Since its inception, the ACT® program has included a multiple- choice format English Test to measure students’ understanding of the skills necessary for effective writing. Beginning in February 2005, students taking the ACT also had the option of adding a 30-minute direct writing test to their examination. In this publication, you will obtain an overview of the ACT Writing Test, be introduced to how student essays are scored, learn how you can use results from the Writing Test to help your students improve their writing, and discover ways to integrate preparation for the Writing Test into...
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When English Language Learners Write Connecting Research to Practice, K–8
The principle underlying the development of the ACT derives from the work of E. F. Lindquist (1901–1978). Lindquist, a pioneer in educational measurement and a cofounder of ACT, devoted much of his professional life to demonstrating that the best way to gauge students’ readiness for college is to measure as directly as possible their mastery of the knowledge and skills required for success in college studies. The tests of educational development in the ACT measure a broad range of educationally significant knowledge and skills. The tests emphasize such proficiencies as reasoning, analysis, problem-solving, and integration of information from various sources, as well as the application of these proficiencies to the kinds of tasks that college students are expected...
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An Analysis of the Argumentative Writing Skills of Academically Underprepared College Students
Specific writing prompts administered during testing are developed with the assistance of external prompt writers who are recruited on the basis of their expertise and to reflect the diversity of the populations served by the ACT. ACT prompt writers are male and female educators from both high schools and colleges, and they represent a variety of geographical regions, racial and ethnic backgrounds, and educational philosophies. All potential writing prompts are reviewed for accessibility of concepts and language, appropriateness, and fairness by content experts and teachers at postsecondary institutions and high schools, and by persons sensitive to issues of test fairness. Prompts found to be accessible, proper in form, and fair to all examinees are field-tested on a population...
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©Birte Christ with Greta Olson, “Writing Academic Papers in English”
The literary and informational texts chosen for study should be rich in content. Since certain works are products of exceptional craft and thought, all students should have access to these especially strong models of thinking and writing. This includes texts that have broad resonance and are referred to and quoted often, such as influential political documents, foundational literary works, and seminal historical and scientific texts. At the same time, reading substantive contemporary fiction engages students in the world and culture around them, just as reading thoughtful contemporary works in science and other disciplines enables students to reflect on pertinent issues...
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English Language arts & Literacy in History/social studies, science, and technical subjects
Literature: When reading literature, students must demonstrate their capacity to pay special attention to the choices authors make about words and structures. Many literary effects depend on the order in which events unfold and the specific details used to describe characters and actions. Since these same strategies—order and use of detail—are equally critical in understanding the most demanding informational texts, reading literature helps students comprehend what they read in science, history and other subjects. Informational Text: Because the overwhelming majority of college and workplace reading is non-fiction, students need to hone their ability to acquire information from nonliterary...
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Sách Module on Communication Skills in English
Make an Argument: The ability to frame and defend an argument is particularly important to students’ readiness for college and careers. The goal of making an argument is to convince an audience of the rightness of the claims being made using logical reasoning and relevant evidence. In some cases, a student will make an argument to gain access to college or to a job, laying out their qualifications or experience. In college, a student might defend an interpretation of a work of literature or of history and, in the workplace, an employee might write to recommend a course of action....
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Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages, Inc. (TESOL)
Inform or Explain: Writing to inform or explain requires students to integrate complex information from multiple sources in a lucid fashion, such as facts about a new technological application or a set of workplace procedures. To achieve coherence, students must illustrate the connections between ideas and events, such as cause and effect. Students also must organize their description or explanation in a manner appropriate to the context, responding to the specific needs of the reader by both covering the relevant ground and anticipating confusions that might arise. Writing is an opportunity for students to show what they know...
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STUDENT Writing Handbook 1st Edition
Audience: Students should write for a range of audiences and adapt their style and tone so that it is appropriate to the task and audience. Students must be able to take into consideration an audience’s characteristics, such as its background knowledge, its interests, and its potential objections to an argument. Strong, effective writing can overcome or at least influence an audience’s biases and address its limitations. On-demand writing requirements of college and careers: Writers sometimes have the opportunity to take a piece of writing through multiple drafts, receiving feedback along the way, successively refining and polishing the text....
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Creative Writing: A Good Practice Guide Siobhán Holland
Students are expected to exhibit the Speaking and Listening Skills in both formal and informal settings, adapting their language use accordingly. In particular, students should be able to use formal Standard English when called for in academic and workplace settings. Group and One-to-One: Students are expected to utilize the speaking and listening skills in both groups and one-to-one. The application of these skills may be different in varied settings. When communicating in a group and building on the ideas of others with group goals in mind, a student will have to respond constructively by...
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A COMPARISON OF THE TEXTUAL STRUCTURES OF ARABIC AND ENGLISH WRITTEN TEXTS
The ability to conduct research independently, accurately, and effectively plays a fundamental role in college and the workplace. Research skills are critical tools for acquiring, extending, and sharing knowledge in academic and workplace settings, and students must be able to determine when and how to conduct and document research. Research as described here is not limited to the formal, extended research paper; rather, these skills encompass a flexible yet systematic approach to resolving questions and investigating issues through the careful collection, analysis, synthesis, and presentation of information from print and digital sources. These research skills equip students with...
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What is the research evidence on writing? Education Standards Research Team, Department for Education
Media skills play an increasingly important role in the gathering and sharing of ideas and information. At the core of media mastery are the same fundamental capacities as are required “offline” in traditional print forms: an ability to produce clear communications and an ability to access, understand, and evaluate complex materials and messages. Media mastery also calls upon some skills unique to the online environment, ranging from being able to conduct digital-based research to exchanging and debating ideas in online discussions to interacting with new text forms. In the electronic world, reading and writing are...
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